Process of and apparatus for producing gas.



I H. L. DOHERTY. -.PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS.APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 5. ISIS.

" 1,235,774. Patent edAug 7,1917. I

wwrem State of blew York, have invented certain mixture of air andproducts of combustion, new and useful Improvements in Processes overbodies of water; or steam is directly of and 'Apparatus for ProducingGas, of generated and supplied to the draft current, which the followingis a specification. ordinarily as an impelling jet. Both ways Thisinvention relates to processes of and ha re practical and economicaldisadvan- L0 apparatus for reducing gas; and it comtages; and in boththeratio between th rises a method of producing gas wherein a air andthe water vapor is irregular while ed of ignited fuel is blown with acurrent the admixture of air and vapor secured is of air of constantvolume containing a preapt not to be uniform since water-vapor isadjusted constant volume of waste steam, by lighter than air and doesnot mix well with 15 supplying a gas producer with an air draft it sothat .s'tmtifica tion is apt t0 exist in the from apositively actingblower driven by a draft current. W vapor because of its reciprocatingsteam motor and feeding the high latent heat and'highheat ofdissociaexhaust steam, or a constant fraction thereof tron exercises aparticularly vigorous chillfrom said steam motor into said air draft; inaction on the. .iuel bed and any tempo- 20 and it also comprises anorganization of apl'ary excess lover the right amount in the paratuselements comprising a reciprocating drai't current, or any localstratification. in steam motor, a positively acting blower the draftcurrent is apt to cause much troudriyen thereby, a gas reducer, an airdraft ble while any entrained moisture, because conduit between the bldwer and the'gas proof its high latent heat of vaporization,

5 ducer and a throttlcd. connection between causes a still more vigorouslocal chilling in the exhausts-team port of said steam motor the firebed. In running a gas producer, and said air draft conduit; all as morefully the temperatures in the fire bed should be hereinafter describedand as claimed. uniform and constant. Ordinarily, there-' Inthe-manufacture of in a gas profore, for safety less water vapor thanmight V 30 ducer it is a frequent practice to render uscadvantageouslybe employed is used with ful a portion of the heat of reaction by adthedraft current. Even so, there is apt to mixing the air of the draftcurrent with an be blackening or extinction of the fire atendothermically acting body, usually car?- the point where themixed'draftenters and bon dioxid (as products of combustion) or thereare also apt to be localized points or 35,w.ater vapor, whereby thequantity of gas zones of extinction or blackening. Further,

delivered is increased at the expense of the in the case of jet steam,there isthe cost of heat of the producer and of the sensibleproductionof the steam while its utility as heat of the gas. Theattendant reduction an air-propelling means is less/than. that oftemperature in the producer is also useof the same' steam used in anengine. The

40 ful in that it prevents, or tends to prevent, efiiciencyof a steaminjector for this purformation of or clinker from the fuel pose is verylow and by reason of condensaash. In my United States Patent 829,105 Ition in expansion beyond the jet nozzle have disclosed and claimed a.method of moisture is formed and ei1t1-aincdand regulating temperaturein a gas producer to goes forward with the draft current into V 5preventslagging and clinkering by utilizing the producer. Y

carbon dioxid in this manner.- In the present invention I have devised aAs an endothermic body, carbon dioxid method of and means for producinga mixed has the advantage over steam that its latent or balanced jethaving an automatically conheat is less and being a gas there is no heat,trollcd proportioning between the air and 50 of vaporization tocomplicate its use, but stiauncom onents as well as thorough admi'xas itis ordinarily used in the form of prodture of the same, in which theexpansion of nets of combustion where it is accompanied the steam isfirst utilized to preducepowerto b nitrogen, it does not enrich the gas.drive air and the expanded stealfilis then ater vapor im the other handdoes not admixed as exhaust with the driven air.

I introduce any useless gases and to the ex- UNITED STATES PROCESS OFAND To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY L. Dol-mn'mr,

a. citizen of the United States, residing at New York in the county ofNew York and Specification ii! Letters Patent.

PATENT orator.

ASSIGNOR TO THE IMPROVED EQUIPMENT A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS.

Patented Aug. 7, 1 917.

Application flied September 5, 1913. Serial No. 788,231,

tentwhich it is employed it gives a richer gas; a gas with a higher B.T. U. value. It is ordinarily (-nnployed either iii-the form ofevaporated moisture by passing air, or a hot The amount of exhaust steamwilhof course, 1. .0

stub

.15 crease or diminish automatically correspond to and vary with theamount of air driven. Condensation moisture, which will be a constantamount, is removed. The means for impelling the 6 air and driven by themotor must, of course, be positive, or the relation between exhauststeam and driven air will not be a constant proportion. An ordinaryrotary blower of the impeller, or Root blower type, is suitable for thepresent'purpose. Any ordinary reciprocating steamengine may be employed,even if of an ineflicient slideva lve t e.

Iroducts of combustion may also be ad- 16 mixed with the draft ifdesired and. such an admixture is frequently advantageous. Any ordinarytype of gas producer may be employed.

In the present .invention the producer is fed with a constant positivelyfed current of air and steam'and the air and steam are in a fixed ratio.This ratio may be that natural! existing between the air trans- -mittedy the particular blower used and 25, the exhaust from the particularsteam motor em loyed; or it may be anartificially established ratioproduced by by-passing' an adi'usted fraction of the exhaust to waste.

:80: shown, more or less diagrammatically, an

apparatus embodiment of the present inve tlon. In this rawing:

Element 1"-is an ordinary rotary air impeller driven through shaft 2 byengine 3, own as an ordinary upright reciprocatin steam engine. Ai issupplied to the impeller through'conduit 4, valved at 5-. Conduit.6,valved at 7, may furnish products of combustion if desired. The air fromthe impeller goes through draft conduit 8 to gas producer Q'contamintheusual deep bed of ignited fuel. Leaing from the ex- -haustdport ofthe engine is steam conduit 10,

at 11, and entering the. draft con- V I1 duit as Let nozzle 12. Tappingthe Steam conduit ehind the valve is a by.- assconduit 13, valved at 14.In. the dra conduit is a collard-5 forming a low point in whichaccumulates any condensation water andthis 5Q watermay be led oil bydrainage conduit 16. by-pass conduit for excess of.waste steam is tappedinto this drainage conduit.

In the operation of the above-described assemblage the impeller ifdriven at conlifi stant-speed will delivers constant volume of airconditions, and with this constant volume of air will .be waste steam,either the whole volume of l0 waste steam where 11 is fully open and-14closed,- or an adjustedi fraction where 11 is partly closed and 1tpartly open. Regulation of llland 14 wii produceany desired ckpressure-on the: engine and thereby in-- the relative Volumes of conduitcarrying a stream of air under other 11 the accompanying illustration Ihave.

t which comprises maintaining a "doe expanded with per time "unit,irrespective of producera'dmixed a constant volume of p which comprisesma ntainin cxhaust'steam and air. Whatever the relation may be however,when once established it will. remain constant. Speeding up the enginewill increase the absolute amount of air delivered per second, and,concomitantl v the amount of exhaust steam delivered to 1t.

By running the engine under some back 'Iu-essurc, the exhaust 'will bedelivered 7 through lzwith some force and willproduce a thoroughadmixture in tion in this respect being different in that I of a jetoperating in an ordinary in ector casing. The exhaust steam expandsreely into a closed conduit containingfmoving air with which it mixeswell while the velocity of the air is not such asto carry forward orentrain condensation moisture. An injector introchlccs an amount ofair'fluctuating with temporary fluctuations in the force of the jet andis apt to give either a striated stream of airnnd steam or in somedegree alternating pulses of each, or, rather, pulses of mix+ tures ofdifferent proportions. And the force of the jet carries forwardcondensates. With a jet nozzle delivering into a closed pressure,admixture is good. An entrained condensation water is disposed ofby 15and p 16 and does not interfere with the working of the produoer.-- y IWhat I claim is:-

.1. In the manufacture .of gas the rocem which comprises maintainin adeepied of igzi'ited fuel, forming an a 'xe'd draft of steam and airautomatically proportioned in a predetermined ratio ada bedto main: tainthe temperature equilibrium occurring iv between heat producing and heatabsorbing actions in the fuel bed at a temperature be. low theobjectionable clinkering te rat-m ture of the fuel, said ratio beingmaintained constant by expanding steam drive air and mixing theexpandedsteam. with the driven air, and forcing said admixture draftthroughthe bed of fuel. K Y In the manufacture of gas the. rocessignited fuel, expanding steam to 've a1r,. mixing a constant fraction ofthe steam so the air so driven to form a mixture having a predeterminedratio adapted to maintain the temperature equilibrium 1 occurringbetween heat producin and-heat absorbing actions in the fuel at atemperature below the objectionable clinkering no tem erature of thefuel, and forcing said dra through said bed of fuel. 3. In themanufacture of gas umroeessw adeepHmd of ignited fuel, forming an steamand-air automatically proportioned in a predeterminedratio adapted tomaintain the temperature uilibrium occurring between heat produclg and.heat absor in actions in fuel at 1" f conduit 8; the lac-' 5 v low theob'ectionable clinke tempt me of the in said ratio being ia mtainedcomstant by the volume of forced air, removing of a bed 0 ignited fuel, araft conduit co 'blower and an exha bination .of

condensed steam from the mixture without interfering with the ratio andforcing draft through said had of fuel.

4.111 a gas organization, the combination producerada ted to contain adee to said producer, a positively acting blower supglying a draftcomprislng air to said con uit, a reciprocating engine driving said uststeam conduit from said engine tapped into said draft conduit.

5. In a gas making organization, the com :egasfproducer adapted tocontain a deep fuel, a draft conduit comiected to said producer, meansfor removing condensed moisture from said canduit a positively actingblower suipplying at,"

111C, a redra. t comprising air to said con ciprocating engine dri saidblower, a valved exhaust steam con uit' from said engine ta ped intosaid draft conduit and a valved y-pass communica exhaust steam conduitand said moisture removing means. I

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signa- 'ture in the presenbe of twosubscribing wit;

nesses.

1 HENRY L. DOHERTY. Witnesses:

EUGENE Y. Saran, Gmnon Rex Snrums.

between said 26

